NIT changing journalism in Kazakhstan

Min-Ah Kim 20031349
Diana Kudaibergenova 20041761
Kim So Youn 20050758
Anel Ramazanova 20040410

New Internet Technologies is changing journalists in Kazakhstan.

As the society has changed more technological, and with the growing of development of internet technology, Kazakhstani journalism has also developed - it has become globalized.
And in my opinion, without journalists there is no journalism – journalists are one of the most important primary factors in journalism. Therefore, as new information technologies are changing journalism, they are also bringing some changes to journalists – new development is always bring some changes. And I had an interview with Zumanova Botagoz, one of Kazakhstani journalists and works for online newspaper “Business & Power”, in order to know about her thoughts of effects that new information technologies have brought on journalists in Kazakhstan.

First of all, generally we can define journalists as the people who collect news and write about it for newspapers, magazines, television, and for their online websites in recent times. Then, what is the role of journalists in Kazakhstan? And of course, according to Zumanova Botagoz, the role of Kazakhstan journalists is not differ from the role of other countries’ journalists – they have to inform society about the most important evens of country, so they gather information, and show, tell about it to the public, explaining their opinions.

NITs (New information technologies) are changing journalists. To say more exactly, they have changed the ways of how journalists doing their works, not journalists themselves. And firstable, the biggest change, which NITs have brought is Global exchange of information - due to Internet, we can easy access to variety of information around world, and quick and fresh information make journalists save their time. Another change is easy editorial system – using various tools, help journalists to accomplish their works more efficiently. Finally, most effective and change is appearance of Online Journalism, that they did not have in the past - citizen journalism and blogs, and other people’s comments, additional materials posted to the articles, can help journalists to make better article and sometimes give wise useful recommendations. And Zumanova Botagoz introduce the sites “Heavy center” – http://http://www.ct.kz/, http://bb.ct.kz/ on of main site and blog of Kazahkstan which most of all journalists are active in.
However, there are also disadvantages of changes that NITs brought are that sometimes too many sources or useless information make journalists be more confused, also they decrease of journalists’ own styles of writing and reporting – with development of editorial system, editors easily can publish, changing the primary articles and that is, the journalists’ own writing styles are being reduced. And Zumanova Botagoz added another current problems of Kazahstan journalists – with the development of free and easy access of information, Kazakhstani journalists are scarce of practices nowadays, Kazahstani journalists who working with abundant information, have indifferences about that journalists they have scarce of practices to preparation for social opinion which is main instrument in western countries.

And some more problems are existing in Kazakhstan - as there are 2 died journalists (Askhat Sharipzhanov, Navigator, Almaty, Ruana Mann,TV channel NTK, Almaty) in Kazakhstan, some control of government or big companies do not allow to journalists press freedom. Also less university of Internet and not fast Internet speed cause slow development of online journalism.

In conclusion, Kazakhstani journalists think that "Internet eliminates borders, provides access to knowledge and information and brings opportunities to find new partners in the whole world.new information technologies have brought really many changes to journalists in Kazakhstan" And there are many advantages, but also disadvantages and some problems. However, Kazakhstani journalists should try to make better journalism using new information technologies.

NIT changes TV journalism of Kazakhstan

“Hemingway once described the art of successful writing this way: ‘All you have to do is write one true sentence. Write the truest sentence you know,’ said George Lewis, Western Knight Center keynote speaker, “And I might add, in television, if the producer only gives you a minute-thirty, write the ten truest sentences you know – and raise hell for more time!” *

It’s hardly a secret that technology has changed, and is continuing to change, the way television news is produced and delivered. You should agree that as a result of rapid technological change, journalism as a profession has progressed significantly. As you know, the print revolution started with the invention of printing by Johann Gutenberg in the fourteenth century. The next important developments were the arrival of telegraph, telephones and radio. Parallel to these developments was the evolution of photography, motion picture photography and television. At the dawn of the television age, TV sets were more furniture than functional, small screens with a grainy picture shown in wooden boxes. And for decades, the model of how TV programming worked stayed the same: Shows came on at an appointed hour, lasted a set amount of time and were broken up with advertising. But today there is something of a revolution underway. This revolution isn't televised, but digitized. More and more, consumers can now be producers and create own programs.
Today in Kazakhstan the number of television stations are twelve and the number of television sets are equal to 3, 880,000.
In 2001 a reported 45 independent television and radio stations operated in Kazakhstan. These included 17 television stations, 15 radio stations, and 13 television-radio combinations. Eleven of the broadcasting stations were located in Almaty. A reported 37 television and radio stations were granted new licenses in 2000, in addition to the licenses held by existing radio and television broadcasting stations.*
By 2002 the president's eldest daughter, Dariga Nazarbayeva, was control the sphere of radio and television broadcasting in Kazakhstan. As BBC Monitoring observed, Nazarbayeva and her husband "have been the main beneficiaries of the privatization of formerly state-run media." Head of the Khabar information agency until 2001, the president's daughter controlled several television stations within the national television broadcasting network. As of mid-2002 two private television stations in the country—NTK and KTK—were owned by Dariga Nazarbayeva. And until Nazarbayeva's husband, Rakhat Aliyev, became embroiled in a political scandal in late 2001 involving allegations of efforts to replace Nazarbayev, the president's son-in-law owned a principal media holding company in Kazakhstan. By mid-2002 Aliyev was living in Vienna as Kazakhstan's ambassador to Austria. His wife continued to live and work in Kazakhstan.
The privately owned television stations Khabar and Caspionet, broadcasting in three languages Kazakh, Russian and English, are included among the holdings of the president's daughter and son-in-law and receive public funding. As to radio in the country, radio stations Europa Plus, Russkoye Radio, Radio Hit FM, all are privately owned by the same couple.
Besides Kazakhstan's broadcasting networks and stations, the British Broadcasting Corporation and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty broadcast programs accessible to Kazakhstani people.
During the past years Kazakhstani TV journalism has experienced significant changes. Our TV journalism are going to be developed as the Western style of journalism, for example such future journalists currently are studying at KIMEP:-) However right now, sometimes some new formats with new content could be seen on Khabar/Caspionet TV channels. There is a 31 TV channel which is more like independent not pro-presidential channel. Unfortunately, TV journalism still faces many social problems (people prefer not to give an interview, especially against Government), politicians interfering and does not report the facts as it is in reality. There are still limitations to achieve a fully independent media system, and Kazakhstani TV journalists have to deal with many problems when pursuing stories.
The changes could be seen through 24-hour cable TV news, offering the latest breaking headlines at any time of the day or night, represent an enormous structural advantage for cable over network television. Cable has become the television news medium of choice. Also there is a color changes in TV cartoons, it is became more colorful and professional made.*
Today new technologies have created a modern day information rich society. From the questionnaire survey I found that people (50 respondents) spent only half an hour every day reading a newspaper or magazine and more than three hours a day watching television.
Electronic news gathering and the satellite age have pushed television news deadlines back to the last minute of the program. News stories are able to be constantly updated and re-written. New technologies have broken down existing barriers to regional and international reporting as it is now possible to broadcast live from any destination in the world. The ability to report live is becoming an increasingly necessary skill in broadcast journalism.
Today journalists should have not only the ability to mentally organize information and know the basic info about story covering but also be able to use digital video and cameras, to edit their stories using special editing programs and how to use the internet sources.

Reference:
technological_changes_make_core_journalistic
Some info was taken: from personal interview with Maksut Zhakupbayev, the reporter of Khabar TV channel.
From seminar with guest speaker Tulegen Askarov, former director of "Respublika" newspaper.
Nespapers: "Respublika"
narrative_cabletv
journalism research_and_analysis
Live_Broadcasting
Kazakshtan journalism